{"id":790,"date":"2026-03-25T09:34:47","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T08:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/uncategorized\/separation-of-duties-least-privilege-ci-cd-pipelines\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T09:34:47","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T08:34:47","slug":"separation-of-duties-least-privilege-ci-cd-pipelines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/ci-cd-security\/separation-of-duties-least-privilege-ci-cd-pipelines\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637: \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 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<em>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/em> \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/em> \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>separation of duties<\/strong> (SoD) \u0648<strong>least privilege<\/strong> \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u2014 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0627. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 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\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 (God tokens)<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;god token&#8221; \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 personal access token \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d API \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\/\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 CI\/CD\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a (runners) \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0629 (forks) \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d: \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u2014 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c&#8221;. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>Separation of Duties \u0641\u064a CI\/CD<\/h2>\n<p>Separation of duties \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647. \u0641\u064a CI\/CD\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 SoD \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/strong> \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/strong> \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0631\u0628\u0637 SoD \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 separation of duties \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Build<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Test<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sign<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stage<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deploy<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 Least Privilege<\/h2>\n<p>Least privilege \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u064a CI\/CD\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>GitHub Actions: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 (job)<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 GitHub Actions \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 <code>permissions<\/code> \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a <code>GITHUB_TOKEN<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\/\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<pre><code># .github\/workflows\/deploy.yml\nname: Build and Deploy\n\n# Restrict default permissions for ALL jobs in this workflow\npermissions:\n  contents: read\n\non:\n  push:\n    branches: [main]\n\njobs:\n  build:\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    # This job inherits the workflow-level permissions: contents read only\n    steps:\n      - uses: actions\/checkout@v4\n      - run: make build\n      - uses: actions\/upload-artifact@v4\n        with:\n          name: app-binary\n          path: dist\/\n\n  security-scan:\n    needs: build\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    permissions:\n      security-events: write  # Only this job can write security findings\n      contents: read\n    steps:\n      - uses: actions\/checkout@v4\n      - uses: github\/codeql-action\/analyze@v3\n\n  deploy-staging:\n    needs: [build, security-scan]\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    environment: staging  # Scoped to staging secrets only\n    permissions:\n      contents: read\n      id-token: write  # OIDC token for cloud auth \u2014 no static credentials\n    steps:\n      - uses: aws-actions\/configure-aws-credentials@v4\n        with:\n          role-to-assume: arn:aws:iam::123456789:role\/staging-deployer\n          aws-region: us-east-1\n      - run: .\/scripts\/deploy.sh staging\n\n  deploy-production:\n    needs: deploy-staging\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    environment: production  # Requires manual approval + different secrets\n    permissions:\n      contents: read\n      id-token: write\n    steps:\n      - uses: aws-actions\/configure-aws-credentials@v4\n        with:\n          role-to-assume: arn:aws:iam::123456789:role\/production-deployer\n          aws-region: us-east-1\n      - run: .\/scripts\/deploy.sh production<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646: \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 OIDC \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 IAM \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>GitLab CI: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 GitLab CI \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 least privilege:<\/p>\n<pre><code># .gitlab-ci.yml\nstages:\n  - build\n  - test\n  - deploy-staging\n  - deploy-production\n\nbuild:\n  stage: build\n  tags:\n    - shared-runners  # Non-privileged runners for build\n  script:\n    - make build\n  artifacts:\n    paths:\n      - dist\/\n\ntest:\n  stage: test\n  tags:\n    - shared-runners\n  script:\n    - make test\n  dependencies:\n    - build\n\ndeploy-staging:\n  stage: deploy-staging\n  tags:\n    - deploy-runners  # Dedicated runners with network access to staging\n  environment:\n    name: staging\n  script:\n    - .\/scripts\/deploy.sh staging\n  # CI_JOB_TOKEN is automatically scoped to this project\n  # Staging secrets are only available on protected branches\n  rules:\n    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\"'\n\ndeploy-production:\n  stage: deploy-production\n  tags:\n    - production-runners  # Isolated runners with production network access\n  environment:\n    name: production\n  script:\n    - .\/scripts\/deploy.sh production\n  rules:\n    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == \"main\"'\n      when: manual  # Requires manual approval\n  allow_failure: false  # Block the pipeline if not approved<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0641\u064a GitLab\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <strong>protected variables<\/strong> \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <strong>protected runners<\/strong> \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0651\u0646\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 <strong>masked<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 IAM \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 CI \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 least privilege \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 Build:<\/strong> \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 S3 bucket \u0623\u0648 container registry) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 Test:<\/strong> \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 Deploy:<\/strong> \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Kubernetes namespace \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 ECS \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629). \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 OIDC<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 CI\/CD \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 OIDC federation \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 CI\/CD \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0640 GitHub Actions \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 AWS IAM \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 GCP \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a Azure \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 <code>id-token: write<\/code> \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 GitLab CI \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 OIDC \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <code>CI_JOB_JWT<\/code> \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 <code>id_tokens<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 OIDC \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h2>\n<p>Pipeline-as-code \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>CODEOWNERS \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0641 CODEOWNERS \u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 CI\/CD:<\/p>\n<pre><code># .github\/CODEOWNERS\n\/.github\/workflows\/   @your-org\/platform-security\n\/.gitlab-ci.yml       @your-org\/platform-security\n\/Jenkinsfile          @your-org\/platform-security\n\/terraform\/           @your-org\/infrastructure<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 CI\/CD. \u0627\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 CODEOWNERS.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 GitHub Actions \u0648GitLab CI \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<p><strong>GitHub Actions reusable workflows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code># In your repository's workflow, reference a centrally managed template\njobs:\n  deploy:\n    uses: your-org\/shared-workflows\/.github\/workflows\/secure-deploy.yml@v2.1.0\n    with:\n      environment: production\n      artifact-name: app-binary\n    secrets: inherit<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>GitLab CI includes from protected repos:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code># .gitlab-ci.yml\ninclude:\n  - project: 'platform-team\/ci-templates'\n    ref: 'v3.0.0'\n    file: '\/templates\/secure-deploy.yml'\n\n# Local jobs can use templates but cannot override protected stages\ndeploy-production:\n  extends: .secure-deploy-template\n  variables:\n    TARGET_ENV: production<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 SHA \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a <code>.github\/workflows\/<\/code> \u0623\u0648 <code>.gitlab-ci.yml<\/code> \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d separation of duties \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>GitHub Environments<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0651\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GitLab Protected Environments<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 <code>when: manual<\/code>\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>GitHub Environments \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>GitHub Environments \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631. \u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646:<\/strong> \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0623\u0636\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <code>main<\/code> \u0623\u0648 <code>release\/*<\/code> \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629:<\/strong> \u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u2014 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a (Canary) \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 canary \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 1-5% \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 canary.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 canary \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>Separation of duties \u0648least privilege \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a CI\/CD \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 90 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0630\u0644\u0643).<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 SIEM \u0623\u0648 CloudWatch Logs \u0623\u0648 S3 bucket \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0639 object lock).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 (\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SHA \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a Git \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 (SHA \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a CI\/CD \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>AWS CloudTrail<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 API \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 IAM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639 <code>userIdentity.sessionContext<\/code> \u0641\u064a CloudTrail \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GCP Cloud Audit Logs<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Azure Activity Logs<\/strong> \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 service principals \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a CODEOWNERS.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a IAM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 CI\/CD.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a CI\/CD<\/h3>\n<p>Personal access token \u0628\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 admin\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 OIDC federation. \u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627&#8221;<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 main\u060c \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0651\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0651\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0629 (forks) \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 (\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0629) \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 SSH \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u0631 SSH \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 break-glass \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>Separation of duties \u0648least privilege \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 least privilege \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u2014 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 OIDC\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0650 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0640 CODEOWNERS \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u2014 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637: \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u2014 &#8230; <a title=\"\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/ci-cd-security\/separation-of-duties-least-privilege-ci-cd-pipelines\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 CI\/CD\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,28],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ci-cd-security","category-pipeline-hardening"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=790"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/790\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=790"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/secure-pipelines.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}